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They did not fight as one individual which was often the case with other armies, but as one unit combining strengths of the majority. This allowed them to stand tall in the face of adversity when other military units would fall apart. The Spartan battle tactic centered on a close rank advance that few could stand against. A toughened Spartan unit with no fear, standing shoulder to shoulder was an unnerving sight to behold. The advance was...

Spartan ArmorTheir shields consisted of wood and leather with the face completely covered in a thin sheet of stressed bronze (881004), which was enough to strengthen the shield, but did not add so much weight as to make it useless. Each shield was round and approx 36 - 38 according to some unearthed examples. Legend says that a warrior was given his shield by his mother and instructed to come back with it or on it. The shield was considered...

At one time the Celts were as far ranging as Turkey and Spain.  They advanced out of Gaul with a dominate presence in the UK and pillaged Thrace and Macedonia, sacked Delphi and even sacked Rome itself.  From 500 BC to 43 AD they were the dominant European power.  Incredibly they never were a nation as we know it; they were simply a loosely unified group of individual tribes with a shared belief...